Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 55

SENSORY SYSTEMS
coming to
senses
T
By Jordan Tyler | jtyler@sosland.com
The concept of flavor immediately calls upon two major
senses - smell and taste - but the complexity of these
sensory systems in dogs and cats goes beyond the nose
and mouth.
" Flavor is a multi-sensory experience, and each animal
lives in its own sensory world, " said Nancy Rawson,
Ph.D., acting director and president at Philadelphiabased
Monell Chemical Senses Center.
Dogs' and cats' sensory systems for taste and smell
work together in the body to process external stimuli,
categorize it in the brain, and use that information to inform
eating decisions.
" There are many sensory inputs that are integrated in
the brain to create a flavor percept, " she explained. " In
human brains - like in dog brains and cat brains - this
information is integrated in a way that the brain doesn't
necessarily discriminate taste information
from smell information. It really is a unified
perceptual experience. "
When it comes to smell, dogs have about
30 million to 50 million olfactory receptor
cells, which are distributed within the nose
through complex structures called turbinates,
Rawson explained. These cells are organized
into specific sequences - dogs and
cats have between 500 and 1,000 of these
sequences - that allow the brain to decode
and categorize sensory input as " food, "
" friend, " " foe, " " home, " etc.
" Smell happens through odors that come
in through the front of the nose before the
animal starts to eat, and odors that come in
through the retro-nasal (back of the throat)
pathway as the animal is swallowing the
food, " Rawson said. " Both of these pathways
are equally important. "
Using the ortho-nasal pathway - through
the front of the nose - a pet is learning
about the food it encounters before it even
www.petfoodprocessing.net | September 2023 | PET FOOD PROCESSING 55
decides to take a bite. The retro-nasal pathway, on the
other hand, is integrated in the brain as part of the flavor
of that food, according to Rawson.
" These cells project nerve axons to the olfactory bulb,
and this is part of the first relay station in the brain, "
she said. " Different receptor cells have different types
of odor receptor proteins that recognize one or multiple
odor chemicals. When an odor molecule binds to
this receptor, the cell is activated and sends a signal to
specific regions of the olfactory bulb. It's the pattern of
activation in these regions of the bulb - these different
groups of cells - that tells the brain what they are smelling,
in the same way that playing a specific pattern of
piano keys creates a chord. "
Moving from the nose to the tongue, taste receptors
are proteins equipped to detect specific chemicals that
According to
research by the
Waltham Petcare
Science Institute,
cats will self-select
higher-protein
and higher-fat
diets due to their
sophisticated taste
systems for detecting
amino acids.
©ferarceamare - stock.adobe.com
The intimate link between pet health and flavor perception.
http://www.petfoodprocessing.net

Pet Food Processing - September 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Pet Food Processing - September 2023

Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - Intro
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 1
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 2
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 3
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 4
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 5
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 6
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 7
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 8
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 9
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 10
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 11
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 12
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 13
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 14
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 15
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 16
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 17
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 18
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 19
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 20
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 21
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 22
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 23
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 24
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 25
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 26
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 27
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 28
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 29
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 30
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 31
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 32
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 33
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 34
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 35
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 36
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 37
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 38
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 39
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 40
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 41
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 42
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 43
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 44
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 45
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 46
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 47
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 48
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 49
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 50
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 51
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 52
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 53
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 54
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 55
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 56
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 57
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 58
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 59
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 60
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 61
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 62
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 63
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 64
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 65
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 66
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 67
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 68
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 69
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 70
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 71
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 72
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 73
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 74
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 75
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 76
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 77
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 78
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 79
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 80
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 81
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 82
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 83
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 84
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 85
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 86
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Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 90
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 91
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Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 103
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Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 105
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 106
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 107
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 108
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 109
Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 110
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Pet Food Processing - September 2023 - 116
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https://www.nxtbook.com/sosland/pfp/pet-food-processing-november-2024
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https://digital.petfoodprocessing.net/sosland/pfp/pet-food-processing-march-2024
https://digital.petfoodprocessing.net/sosland/pfp/pet-food-processing-january-2024
https://digital.petfoodprocessing.net/sosland/pfp/pet-food-processing-november-2023
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https://digital.petfoodprocessing.net/sosland/pfp/-pet-food-processing-june-2022
https://digital.petfoodprocessing.net/sosland/pfp/pet-food-processing-march-2022
https://digital.petfoodprocessing.net/sosland/pfp/pet-food-processing-december-2021
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https://digital.petfoodprocessing.net/sosland/pfp/2020_12_01
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